Roots of racial disparities are seen through a new lens in this film that explores the origins of housing segregation in the Minneapolis area. But the story also illustrates how African-American families and leaders resisted this insidious practice, and how Black people built community — within and despite — the red lines that these restrictive covenants created.

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00:00 “Aryans Only. No African American blood or descent.”
03:17 Minnesota Leads Integration
06:01 A Black Family Moves Into A White Neighborhood
11:53 The Beginning of Racial Covenants
15:01 Mapping Prejudice
16:28 Who Benefits From Urban Planning?
19:50 Supreme Court Upholds Racial Covenants
20:59 The Invisible Color Lines22:52 Citizen Terrorism
27:21 Redlining: Government Approved
31:15 Jim Crow of the North
34:16 Manufacturing Urban Poverty
39:05 Racial Covenants in the Suburbs
41:38 Fair Housing and the American Dream
46:00 1968 Fair Housing Act
47:39 35W and the Destruction of Black Communities
50:43 The Past Influences the Present
51:38 Mapping the History of Housing Discrimination
55:14 More Than Bricks and Mortar
56:30 Credits and More to Watch